Malware, short for malicious software, is any program that tries to harm a system or a computer like a laptop, desktop, tablet, mobile device. Avoiding malware can shield your privacy, security, system performance, Internet connection, and in some cases, your electricity. Of courses, there are many different types of malware you need to avoid:

  • Computer viruses
  • Computer worms
  • Trojan horse malware
  • Adware
  • Browser hijackers
  • Spyware
  • Rootkits
  • Ransomware
  • Cryptojackers

You can occasionally tell what type of malware infection you have because not all kinds of malware throw up the same symptoms:

Corrupt Files

Computer viruses are the most likely to corrupt your data. These legacy threats piggyback on original files and spread by injecting their code. Computer worms can also corrupt data, though they may also have other functions. Ransomware is another type of malware that can corrupt data. However, it presents other symptoms, too, like a message demanding cryptocurrency. If it’s not malware, a hard drive malfunction can also cause data corruption.

Pop-ups

Adware almost always throws up pop-up ads on your screen. Ransomware can also use a pop-up, but it’s usually to deliver a ransom demand. Some types of malware, like scareware, that bad actors use for tech support scams may also use pop-ups to frighten you into making a wrong decision. Of course, some websites also employ pop-ups for advertising.

Slow Downs

Most types of malware can slow your computer down by corrupting your files, consuming hard drive space, using your bandwidth, or causing system conflicts. But the most likely culprit is a computer virus as it exists to create chaos. Besides malware, aging hardware, software conflicts, clogged computer fans can also slow your computer down.

Loss of Control

Some types of rootkits can help a threat actor take control of your system. You may see your mouse cursor moving as a cybercriminal tries to use your machine. Meanwhile, spyware that utilizes your microphone or camera to spy on you may cause your device components to activate. There’s a reason why Mark Zuckerberg tapes his camera and microphone. Rarely, software or hardware flaws may also result in the loss of control of a computer.

Overheating

Many different types of malware can inadvertently cause your computer to overheat by overworking your system. For example, malicious crypto-mining tools that use your hardware to perform complex mathematical problems to earn bitcoin can overwork your machine. Alternatively, a malfunctioning heatsink, expired thermal paste, inadequate power supply, or intense application can make a computer run hot.

Password Alerts

Spyware, stalker-ware, keyloggers, and some Trojans can copy your passwords and force your accounts to issue password alerts if the hacker is in a different geographical location. You can protect your accounts with two-factor authentication, strong password questions, and complex passwords. Please also avoid writing your password on a piece of paper or sending it in texts or emails.

You may also have a spyware infection if you are the victim of a doxing attack or if someone steals your credit card data. Consider downloading a free malware removal tool if you notice any of the symptoms listed above.

Another way to keep malware at bay is to think twice before opening phishing emails, texts, or links. Evading malware threat vectors like unsafe websites is also a good idea. Nowadays, malware can be pretty sophisticated, so it’s good to be cautious.